Which of the following elements has the small | vedclass

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(D) The energy gap (band gap) is the energy difference between the valence band and the conduction band. For conductors,the gap is zero or negligible.

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$Ge$

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(D) The energy gap (band gap) is the energy difference between the valence band and the conduction band. For conductors,the gap is zero or negligible. For semiconductors,the gap is small (typically $0.5 \ eV$ to $3 \ eV$). For insulators,the gap is very large. Among the given options: $B$ (Boron) is a metalloid/non-metal with a large gap. $Zn$ (Zinc) is a metal,but in the context of solid-state band theory,$Ge$ (Germanium) is a well-known semiconductor with a small band gap of approximately $0.67 \ eV$. $Cl$ (Chlorine) is a non-metal insulator with a very large gap. Therefore,$Ge$ has the smallest energy gap among the choices provided.

Which of the following elements has the smallest energy gap?

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