Which of the following is the strongest ortho | vedclass

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Question

(A) The strength of an ortho-para directing group is determined by its ability to donate electrons to the benzene ring via the resonance effect ($+R$

Vedclass · Accepted Answer

$-OH$

Vedclass · Answer

(A) The strength of an ortho-para directing group is determined by its ability to donate electrons to the benzene ring via the resonance effect ($+R$ or $+M$ effect).Among the given groups,the $-OH$ group has a strong $+R$ effect due to the lone pair on the oxygen atom,which is directly attached to the ring.While $-OCH_3$ also has a $+R$ effect,the $-OH$ group is generally considered a stronger activator because the oxygen atom in $-OH$ is less sterically hindered and more effective at resonance donation compared to the methoxy group.$-CH_3$ acts via hyperconjugation ($+H$ effect),which is weaker than the resonance effect.$-Cl$ has a $-I$ effect that outweighs its $+R$ effect,making it a deactivating group.Therefore,$-OH$ is the strongest ortho-para directing group among the options.

Which of the following is the strongest ortho-para directing group?

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