R-X + NaNO_2 to P + NaXR-X + AgNO_2 to Q + Ag | vedclass

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(A) $NaNO_2$ is an ionic compound that provides $NO_2^-$ ions. The $NO_2^-$ ion is an ambident nucleophile,and in the presence of $Na^+$,the attack oc

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Functional isomer

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(A) $NaNO_2$ is an ionic compound that provides $NO_2^-$ ions. The $NO_2^-$ ion is an ambident nucleophile,and in the presence of $Na^+$,the attack occurs through the oxygen atom to form an alkyl nitrite $(R-O-N=O)$,which is $P$.$AgNO_2$ is a covalent compound. The nitrogen atom has a lone pair of electrons available for bonding,and the attack occurs through the nitrogen atom to form a nitroalkane $(R-NO_2)$,which is $Q$.$P$ $(R-O-N=O)$ and $Q$ $(R-NO_2)$ have the same molecular formula but different functional groups (nitrite vs. nitro),hence they are functional isomers.

$R-X + NaNO_2 \to P + NaX$
$R-X + AgNO_2 \to Q + AgX$
$P$ and $Q$ are related as

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$R-X + NaNO_2 \to P + NaX$$R-X + AgNO_2 \to Q + AgX$$P$ and $Q$ are related as