Melanised moths were:

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(B) The phenomenon of industrial melanism is a classic example of natural selection.Before industrialization in England,white-winged moths were more a

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Dark-winged

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(B) The phenomenon of industrial melanism is a classic example of natural selection.Before industrialization in England,white-winged moths were more abundant because they could camouflage against the light-colored lichens on tree trunks.After industrialization,the tree trunks became dark due to soot and smoke,which killed the lichens.This environment favored the dark-winged (melanised) moths,as they were better camouflaged against predators,while the white-winged moths were easily spotted and eaten.Therefore,melanised moths were dark-winged.

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$A$: During industrialization,dark-winged or melanised moths were more abundant.
$R$: They were able to camouflage themselves,hide in the background,and survived.

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