Class 11Chemistry8-3.Organic Chemistry : Purification and characterizationPurification of Organic Compounds
DifficultExplain partition chromatography. What is partition chromatography? Describe paper chromatography.
(N/A) Partition chromatography: Partition chromatography is based on the continuous differential partitioning of components of a mixture between stationary and mobile phases. For example,paper chromatography is a type of partition chromatography.
Paper chromatography: Paper chromatography is a form of partition chromatography. $A$ special quality chromatography paper is used. In this method,a line is drawn with a pencil on the chromatography paper parallel to one edge (at a height of approximately $2 cm$ from the bottom),which is called the base line. Then,a drop of the mixture solution is applied as a small spot on this line. The spot is dried by blowing hot air over it.
After drying,the paper is placed in a closed chamber,and the edge of the filter paper is dipped into a suitable solvent (developer) for development.
Here,the solvent acts as the mobile phase and the water trapped in the cellulose fibers of the paper acts as the stationary phase. The solvent rises up the paper by capillary action and flows over the spot. The components of the mixture move upwards along with the solvent to different extents due to their different solubilities in the mobile and stationary phases,leading to their separation.
Paper chromatography: Paper chromatography is a form of partition chromatography. $A$ special quality chromatography paper is used. In this method,a line is drawn with a pencil on the chromatography paper parallel to one edge (at a height of approximately $2 cm$ from the bottom),which is called the base line. Then,a drop of the mixture solution is applied as a small spot on this line. The spot is dried by blowing hot air over it.
After drying,the paper is placed in a closed chamber,and the edge of the filter paper is dipped into a suitable solvent (developer) for development.
Here,the solvent acts as the mobile phase and the water trapped in the cellulose fibers of the paper acts as the stationary phase. The solvent rises up the paper by capillary action and flows over the spot. The components of the mixture move upwards along with the solvent to different extents due to their different solubilities in the mobile and stationary phases,leading to their separation.
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Similar Questions
State True or False for the following statements regarding steam distillation:
$(i)$ The liquid is boiled at a temperature lower than its normal boiling point.
$(ii)$ The vapour pressure of the liquid is less than the atmospheric pressure.
$(iii)$ The sum of the vapour pressure of the liquid and the vapour pressure of water is equal to the atmospheric pressure.
$(iv)$ The mixture of organic liquid and water is obtained as the distillate.
$(v)$ The condensation of the mixture of water vapour and organic liquid vapour takes place.
$(i)$ The liquid is boiled at a temperature lower than its normal boiling point.
$(ii)$ The vapour pressure of the liquid is less than the atmospheric pressure.
$(iii)$ The sum of the vapour pressure of the liquid and the vapour pressure of water is equal to the atmospheric pressure.
$(iv)$ The mixture of organic liquid and water is obtained as the distillate.
$(v)$ The condensation of the mixture of water vapour and organic liquid vapour takes place.
Medium
View SolutionGiven below are two statements:
Statement-$I$: Retardation factor $(R_f)$ can be measured in $meter/centimeter$.
Statement-$II$: $R_f$ value of a compound remains constant in all solvents.
Choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:
Statement-$I$: Retardation factor $(R_f)$ can be measured in $meter/centimeter$.
Statement-$II$: $R_f$ value of a compound remains constant in all solvents.
Choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:
Which are the methods of purification of organic compounds?
Easy
View SolutionGlycerol boils at $290\,^{\circ}C$ with slight decomposition. Impure glycerine can be purified by
Difficult
View Solution$A$ liquid compound $(x)$ can be purified by steam distillation only if it is
MediumNEET 2020
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