Write a short note on the effect of Global warming and Greenhouse effect on environment.

(N/A) About $75 \%$ of the solar energy reaching the earth is absorbed by the earth's surface,which increases its temperature. The rest of the heat radiates back to the atmosphere.
Some of the heat is trapped by gases such as carbon dioxide,methane,ozone,chlorofluorocarbon compounds $(CFCs)$ and water vapour in the atmosphere. Thus,they add to the heating of the atmosphere. This causes global warming.
In cold places,flowers,vegetables,and fruits are grown in glass-covered areas called greenhouses.
We are surrounded by a blanket of air called the atmosphere. This atmosphere keeps the temperature on earth constant. But now,slowly,it is undergoing change.
Atmosphere traps the sun's heat near the earth's surface and keeps it warm. This is called the natural greenhouse effect because it maintains the temperature and makes the earth perfect for life.
Carbon dioxide molecules also trap heat because they are transparent to sunlight but are not able to trap the heat radiation. If the amount of $CO_2$ crosses $0.03 \%$,the natural greenhouse balance may get disturbed. Thus,$CO_2$ is the major contributor to global warming. Besides carbon dioxide,other greenhouse gases are methane,water vapour,nitrous oxide,$CFCs$,and ozone.
In the absence of oxygen,if the vegetation is burnt,digested,or rotted,then methane is produced. Large amounts of methane are released in paddy fields,coal mines,from rotting garbage dumps,and by fossil fuels.
Chlorofluorocarbons $(CFCs)$ are man-made industrial chemicals used in air conditioning,etc. $CFCs$ are also damaging the ozone layer. Nitrous oxide occurs naturally in the environment. The quantities of nitrous oxide have increased due to the use of chemical fertilizers and the burning of fossil fuels.
If these trends continue,the average global temperature will increase. It may lead to the melting of polar ice caps and the flooding of low-lying areas all over the earth. An increase in the global temperature increases the incidence of infectious diseases like dengue,malaria,yellow fever,and sleeping sickness.