Which type of chemical reactions are given by arene compounds? Give their suitable examples and reactions.

(A) Arene compounds (aromatic hydrocarbons) primarily undergo electrophilic substitution reactions due to their stable aromatic ring. They can also undergo addition and oxidation reactions under specific conditions.
$A$. Electrophilic substitution reactions: These are the characteristic reactions of benzene.
$i$. Nitration: Benzene reacts with a nitrating mixture (conc. $HNO_{3}$ + conc. $H_{2}SO_{4}$) at $323-333 \ K$ to form nitrobenzene.
$ii$. Sulphonation: Benzene reacts with fuming $H_{2}SO_{4}$ (oleum) at $353 \ K$ to form benzene sulphonic acid.
$iii$. Halogenation: Benzene reacts with $Cl_{2}$ or $Br_{2}$ in the presence of a Lewis acid (e.g.,anhydrous $FeCl_{3}$ or $FeBr_{3}$) to form chlorobenzene or bromobenzene.
$iv$. Friedel-Crafts alkylation: Benzene reacts with alkyl halides $(R-X)$ in the presence of anhydrous $AlCl_{3}$ to form alkylbenzene.
$v$. Friedel-Crafts acylation: Benzene reacts with acyl halides $(RCOCl)$ or acid anhydrides in the presence of anhydrous $AlCl_{3}$ to form acylbenzene.
$B$. Electrophilic addition reactions: These occur under vigorous conditions.
$i$. Hydrogenation: Benzene reacts with $H_{2}$ at high temperature and pressure in the presence of $Ni$ catalyst to form cyclohexane.
$ii$. Chlorination: Benzene reacts with $Cl_{2}$ in the presence of $UV$ light to form benzene hexachloride $(C_{6}H_{6}Cl_{6})$.
$C$. Oxidation reactions:
$i$. Combustion: Arenes burn in air to produce $CO_{2}$ and $H_{2}O$ according to the general equation: $C_{x}H_{y} + (x + \frac{y}{4}) O_{2} \longrightarrow x CO_{2} + \frac{y}{2} H_{2}O$.