What is total internal reflection?

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(N/A) Total internal reflection is the phenomenon in which a light ray traveling from a denser medium to a rarer medium is reflected back into the same denser medium when the angle of incidence exceeds the critical angle for the pair of media.
Conditions for total internal reflection:
$1$. The light must travel from an optically denser medium to an optically rarer medium.
$2$. The angle of incidence $(i)$ must be greater than the critical angle $(C)$ for the given pair of media.

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