| Temporary Wilting | Permanent Wilting |
|---|---|
| $(i)$ Occurs during the afternoon when the rate of transpiration is high. | $(i)$ Occurs when the soil moisture content falls below the permanent wilting percentage. |
| $(ii)$ Caused by a temporary imbalance where transpiration exceeds absorption. | $(ii)$ Caused by a severe, prolonged water deficit in the soil. |
| $(iii)$ The plant recovers its turgidity when water is added to the soil or transpiration decreases (e.g., at night). | $(iii)$ The plant cannot recover its turgidity even if water is added to the soil. |
| $(iv)$ The plant continues its normal growth after recovery. | $(iv)$ The plant eventually dies due to severe dehydration. |
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