Mixing of positively charged colloidal solution with negatively charged colloidal solution brings $ . . . . . . $. The decreasing order of coagulating power of $Na^{+}$,$Ba^{2+}$ and $Al^{3+}$ for negatively charged colloidal solution is $ . . . . . . $?

Explain Electrophoresis.

Which among the following is a zero-dimensional nanostructure?

Critical Micelle Concentration $(CMC)$ for a soap solution is $1.5 \times 10^{-4} \ mol \ L^{-1}$. Micelle formation is possible only when the concentration of soap solution in $mol \ L^{-1}$ is:

Consider the following statements related to colloids.
$(I)$ Lyophobic colloids are not formed by simple mixing of dispersed phase and dispersion medium.
$(II)$ For emulsions,both the dispersed phase and the dispersion medium are liquid.
$(III)$ Micelles are produced by dissolving a surfactant in any solvent at any temperature.
$(IV)$ Tyndall effect can be observed from a colloidal solution with dispersed phase having the same refractive index as that of the dispersion medium.
The option with the correct set of statements is

Identify the instrument used to find the structure of the surface of a material.