Mention the salient features of the human genome.

(N/A) The salient features of the human genome,as observed from the Human Genome Project,are as follows:
$(i)$ The human genome contains $3164.7$ million nucleotide bases.
$(ii)$ The average gene consists of $3000$ bases,but sizes vary greatly,with the largest known human gene being dystrophin at $2.4$ million bases.
$(iii)$ The total number of genes is estimated at $30,000$,which is much lower than previous estimates of $80,000$ to $1,40,000$ genes. Almost all ($99.9$ percent) nucleotide bases are exactly the same in all people.
$(iv)$ The functions are unknown for over $50$ percent of discovered genes.
$(v)$ Less than $2$ percent of the genome codes for proteins.
$(vi)$ Repeated sequences make up a very large portion of the human genome.
$(vii)$ Repetitive sequences are stretches of $DNA$ sequences that are repeated many times,sometimes hundred to thousand times. They are thought to have no direct coding functions,but they shed light on chromosome structure,dynamics,and evolution.
$(viii)$ Chromosome $1$ has the most genes $(2968)$,and the $Y$ chromosome has the fewest $(231)$.
$(ix)$ Scientists have identified about $1.4$ million locations where single-base $DNA$ differences ($SNPs$ - single nucleotide polymorphism) occur in humans. This information helps in finding chromosomal locations for disease-associated sequences and tracing human history.