In what way is the Rutherford's atomic model different from that of Thomson's atomic model?

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(N/A) Rutherford proposed a model in which electrons revolve around the nucleus in well-defined orbits. There is a positively charged centre in an atom called the nucleus. He also proposed that the size of the nucleus is very small as compared to the size of the atom and nearly all the mass of an atom is centred in the nucleus.
Whereas,Thomson proposed the model of an atom to be similar to a Christmas pudding. The electrons are studded like currants in a positively charged sphere like Christmas pudding and the mass of the atom was supposed to be uniformly distributed.

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The number of electrons in the outermost '$L$' shell of an atom is $5$.
$(a)$ Write its electronic configuration.
$(b)$ What is its valency and why?

The presence of electrons outside the nucleus and the nucleus at the centre of the atom was suggested by:

$(a)$ Which of the following electronic configurations are not possible? Give reasons.
$(i)$ $X: 2, 8, 4$
$(ii)$ $Y: 3, 8, 2$
$(iii)$ $Z: 2, 8, 9$
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Fluorine: $9$,Aluminium: $13$,Argon: $18$

State whether the following statement is true or false:
In a chemical substance,the elements are always present in varying proportions by mass.

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