In the following compounds,the order of acidi | vedclass

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(D) The acidity of phenols depends on the stability of the phenoxide ion formed after the loss of a proton.Electron-withdrawing groups $(EWG)$ increas

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$IV > III > I > II$

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(D) The acidity of phenols depends on the stability of the phenoxide ion formed after the loss of a proton.Electron-withdrawing groups $(EWG)$ increase acidity by stabilizing the negative charge,while electron-donating groups $(EDG)$ decrease acidity by destabilizing it.$(I)$ Phenol: Reference compound.$(II)$ $p$-Cresol: The $-CH_3$ group is an electron-donating group ($+I$ and hyperconjugation),which destabilizes the phenoxide ion,making it the least acidic.$(III)$ $m$-Nitrophenol: The $-NO_2$ group is a strong $EWG$ ($-I$ and $-M$ effects). At the meta position,only the $-I$ effect operates.$(IV)$ $p$-Nitrophenol: The $-NO_2$ group at the para position exerts both $-I$ and $-M$ effects,providing maximum stabilization to the phenoxide ion.Comparing the effects: The $-M$ effect of $-NO_2$ at the para position is stronger than the $-I$ effect at the meta position.Therefore,the order of acidity is: $(IV) > (III) > (I) > (II)$.

In the following compounds,the order of acidity is:
$(I)$ Phenol
$(II)$ $p$-Cresol ($4$-methylphenol)
$(III)$ $m$-Nitrophenol
$(IV)$ $p$-Nitrophenol

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In the following compounds,the order of acidity is:$(I)$ Phenol$(II)$ $p$-Cresol ($4$-methylphenol)$(III)$ $m$-Nitrophenol$(IV)$ $p$-Nitrophenol