Give scientific reasons: $(1)$ Photorespiration does not take place in $C_4$ plants.

(N/A) Photorespiration is a wasteful process that occurs when the enzyme $RuBisCO$ binds with $O_2$ instead of $CO_2$.
$C_4$ plants have a special leaf anatomy called $Kranz$ anatomy,which separates the initial $CO_2$ fixation and the Calvin cycle into different cell types (mesophyll and bundle sheath cells).
In $C_4$ plants,$CO_2$ is initially fixed in mesophyll cells to form a $4C$ compound (oxaloacetate),which is then transported to the bundle sheath cells.
In the bundle sheath cells,this $4C$ compound is broken down to release a high concentration of $CO_2$ around the $RuBisCO$ enzyme.
This high concentration of $CO_2$ ensures that $RuBisCO$ functions primarily as a carboxylase rather than an oxygenase,thereby effectively preventing photorespiration.