Explain what happens when boric acid is heated.
On heating orthoboric acid $(H_{3}BO_{3})$ at $370 \ K$ or above,it loses a water molecule to form metaboric acid $(HBO_{2})$.
On further heating,metaboric acid loses more water to yield boric oxide $(B_{2}O_{3})$.
The reactions are as follows:
$H_{3}BO_{3} \xrightarrow{370 \ K} HBO_{2} + H_{2}O$
$2HBO_{2} \xrightarrow{\Delta} B_{2}O_{3} + H_{2}O$
On further heating,metaboric acid loses more water to yield boric oxide $(B_{2}O_{3})$.
The reactions are as follows:
$H_{3}BO_{3} \xrightarrow{370 \ K} HBO_{2} + H_{2}O$
$2HBO_{2} \xrightarrow{\Delta} B_{2}O_{3} + H_{2}O$
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$(I)$ The stability of $+1$ oxidation state follows the order $Tl > In > Ga$
$(II)$ Boron has the lowest melting point and boiling point as it is a non-metal
$(III)$ Boron shows a maximum covalency of $4$ in its compounds
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