Define the following terms:
$(i)$ Genetic diversity
$(ii)$ Hotspot

(N/A) $(i)$ Genetic diversity: It refers to the diversity in the number and types of genes as well as chromosomes present in different species and the variations in the genes and their alleles in the same species. It enables a population to adapt to its environment.
$(ii)$ Hotspot: These are regions with very high levels of species richness and high degree of endemism (species confined to that region and not found anywhere else). These areas are also under constant threat of habitat loss.