| Scientist and Country | Year and Contribution |
|---|---|
| $1$. Johann Dobereiner (Chemist),German | $1829$. Law of Triads: He noted a similarity among the physical and chemical properties of groups of three elements (triads). The atomic weight of the middle element was approximately the average of the other two. |
| $2$. $A.E.B.$ de Chancourtois (Geologist),French | $1862$. Telluric Helix: He arranged known elements in order of increasing atomic weights on a cylindrical table to display the periodic recurrence of properties. |
| $3$. John Alexander Newlands (Chemist),English | $1865$. Law of Octaves: He arranged elements in increasing order of atomic weights and noted that every eighth element had properties similar to the first. |
| $4$. Dmitri Mendeleev (Chemist),Russian | $1869$. Periodic Law: "The properties of the elements are a periodic function of their atomic weights." He created the first comprehensive periodic table. |
| $5$. Lothar Meyer (Chemist),German | $1868$. Atomic Volume Curve: He plotted physical properties like atomic volume against atomic weight,showing a periodically repeated pattern. |
| $6$. Henry Moseley (Physicist),English | $1913$. Modern Periodic Law: He observed that the square root of $X$-ray frequency $(\sqrt{\nu})$ plotted against atomic number $(Z)$ gives a straight line. He stated: "The physical and chemical properties of elements are periodic functions of their atomic number." |
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